Pathophysiology
They followed her on to the deck. All the smoke and the houses had disappeared, and the ship was out in a wide space of sea very fresh and clear though pale in the early light. They had left London sitting on its mud. A very thin line of shadow tapered on the horizon, scarcely thick enough to stand the burden of Paris, which nevertheless rested upon it. They were free of roads, free of mankind, and the same exhilaration at their freedom ran through them all.
The ship was making her way steadily through small waves which slapped her and then fizzled like effervescing water, leaving a little border of bubbles and foam on either side. The colourless October sky above was thinly clouded as if by the trail of wood-fire smoke, and the air was wonderfully salt and brisk. Indeed it was too cold to stand still. Mrs. Ambrose drew her arm within her husband’s, and as they moved off it could be seen from the way in which her sloping cheek turned up to his that she had something private to communicate.
-
Nielsen N, et al. “Target Temperature Management 33°C vs. 36°C after Out-of Hospital Cardiac Arrest”. The New England Journal of Medicine. 2013. 369(23):2197-2206.
PACULit Summary – Targeted Temperature Management at 33°C versus 36°C Resources PubMed Full Text Contents Article Identification Quick Reference Summary Core Clinical Question Background Methods…
-
Topol E, et al. “An international randomized trial comparing four thrombolytic strategies for acute myocardial infarction”. The New England Journal of Medicine. 1993. 329(10):673-682.
PACULit Summary: Thrombolytic Strategies for AMI Resources PubMed Full Text Contents Article Identification Quick Reference Summary Core Clinical Question Background Methods Summary Detailed Results Authors’…
-
Cohen M, et al. “A Comparison of Low-Molecular-Weight Heparin with Unfractionated Heparin for Unstable Coronary Artery Disease”. The New England Journal of Medicine. 1997. 337(7):447-452.
PACULit Summary: ESSENCE Trial Resources PubMed Full Text Contents Article Identification Quick Reference Summary Core Clinical Question Background Methods Summary Detailed Results Authors’ Conclusions Critical…
-
McFalls EO, et al. “Coronary-artery revascularization before elective major vascular surgery”. The New England Journal of Medicine. 2004. 351(27):2795-2804.
PACULit Summary – Coronary-artery Revascularization Before Elective Major Vascular Surgery Resources PubMed Full Text Contents Article Identification Quick Reference Summary Core Clinical Question Background Methods…
-
Holzer M, et al. “Mild Therapeutic Hypothermia to Improve the Neurologic Outcome After Cardiac Arrest”. The New England Journal of Medicine. 2002. 346(8):549-556.
PACULit Summary: Mild Therapeutic Hypothermia to Improve Neurologic Outcome After Cardiac Arrest Resources PubMed Full Text Contents Article Identification Quick Reference Summary Core Clinical Question…
-
Marso SP, et al. “Liraglutide and cardiovascular outcomes in type 2 diabetes”. The New England Journal of Medicine. 2016. 375(4):311-322.
PACULit: Liraglutide and Cardiovascular Outcomes Resources PubMed Full Text Contents Article Identification Quick Reference Summary Core Clinical Question Background Methods Summary Detailed Results Authors’ Conclusions…
-
ARISE Trial. “Goal-directed resuscitation for patients with early septic shock”. The New England Journal of Medicine. 2014. 371(16):1496-1506.
Clinical Literature Summary: ARISE Study Resources PubMed Full Text Contents Article Identification Quick Reference Summary Core Clinical Question Background Methods Summary Detailed Results Authors’ Conclusions…
-
Lamontagne, F, et al. “Intravenous Vitamin C in Adults with Sepsis in the Intensive Care Unit”. New England Journal of Medicine. 2022. 386(25):2387-2398.
PACULit Summary: Intravenous Vitamin C in Adults with Sepsis in the ICU Resources PubMed Full Text Contents Article Identification Quick Reference Summary Core Clinical Question…
-
Fujii T, et al. “Effect of vitamin C, hydrocortisone, and thiamine vs hydrocortisone alone on time alive and free of vasopressor support among patients with septic shock: The VITAMINS randomized clinical trial”. JAMA. 2020. 323(5):423-431.
PACULit Summary: VITAMINS Randomized Clinical Trial Resources JAMA Article PubMed Full Text Contents Article Identification Quick Reference Summary Core Clinical Question Background Methods Summary Detailed…
-
The implementation of an analgesia-based sedation protocol reduced deep sedation and proved to be safe and feasible in patients on mechanical ventilation.
PACULit Summary | Analgesia-Based Sedation Protocol in ICU Patients Resources PubMed Full Text Contents Article Identification Quick Reference Summary Core Clinical Question Background Methods Summary…
-
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in treatment of postoperative pain after cardiac surgery.
Clinical Literature Summary Resources PubMed Full Text Contents Article Identification Quick Reference Summary Core Clinical Question Background Methods Summary Detailed Results Authors’ Conclusions Critical Analysis…
-
PROCESS trial: Protocol-based therapy for septic shock
PACULit Summary: A Randomized Trial of Protocol-Based Care for Early Septic Shock Resources PubMed Full Text Contents Article Identification Quick Reference Summary Core Clinical Question…
-
Psychiatric outcomes of patients with severe agitation following administration of prehospital ketamine.
Clinical Literature Summary Resources PubMed Full Text Contents Article Identification Quick Reference Summary Core Clinical Question Background Methods Summary Detailed Results Authors’ Conclusions Critical Analysis…
-
Gibson CM, et al. “Prevention of bleeding in patients with AF undergoing PCI”. The New England Journal of Medicine. 2016. epub 2016-11-14:1-12.
PACULit Prevention of Bleeding in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation Undergoing PCI Resources PubMed Full Text Contents Article Identification Quick Reference Summary Core Clinical Question Background…
-
Moss AJ, et al. “Prophylactic Implantation of a Defibrillator in Patients with Myocardial Infarction and Reduced Ejection Fraction”. The New England Journal of Medicine. 2002. 346(12):877-883.
PACULit Summary: Prophylactic Implantation of a Defibrillator Resources PubMed Full Text Contents Article Identification Quick Reference Summary Core Clinical Question Background Methods Summary Results Authors’…
-
Swedberg K, et al. “Treatment of anemia with darbepoetin alfa in systolic heart failure”. The New England Journal of Medicine. 2013. 368(13):1210-9.
Clinical Literature Summary Resources PubMed Full Text Contents Article Identification Quick Reference Summary Core Clinical Question Background Methods Summary Detailed Results Authors’ Conclusions Literature Context…
-
Manson JE, et al. “Vitamin D supplements and prevention of cancer and cardiovascular disease”. The New England Journal of Medicine. 2019. 380(1):33-44.
Clinical Literature Summary Resources PubMed Full Text Contents Article Identification Quick Reference Summary Core Clinical Question Background Methods Summary Detailed Results Authors’ Conclusions Literature Review…
-
Pitt B, et al. “Eplerenone, a selective aldosterone blocker, in patients with left ventricular dysfunction after myocardial infarction”. The New England Journal of Medicine. 2003. 348(14):1309-21.
PACULit: Eplerenone in Post-MI LV Dysfunction Resources PubMed Full Text Contents Article Identification Quick Reference Summary Core Clinical Question Background Methods Summary Detailed Results Authors’…
-
Bonaca MP, et al. “Long-term use of ticagrelor in patients with prior myocardial infarction”. The New England Journal of Medicine. 2015. 372(19):1791-1800.
PACULit Summary: Long-term use of ticagrelor in patients with prior myocardial infarction Resources PubMed Full Text Contents Article Identification Quick Reference Summary Core Clinical Question…
-
Rapid tranquillisation for agitated patients in emergency psychiatric rooms: a randomised trial of midazolam versus haloperidol plus promethazine.
Clinical Literature Summary Resources PubMed Full Text Contents Article Identification Quick Reference Summary Core Clinical Question Background Methods Summary Detailed Results Authors’ Conclusions Critical Analysis…
-
Echt DS, et al. “Mortality and morbidity in patients receiving encainide, flecainide, or placebo”. The New England Journal of Medicine. 1991. 324(12):781-788.
PACULit Summary – Mortality and Morbidity in Patients Receiving Encainide, Flecainide, or Placebo Resources PubMed Full Text Contents Article Identification Quick Reference Summary Core Clinical…
-
Acetylcysteine for Prevention of Renal Outcomes in Patients Undergoing Angiography”. Circulation. 2011. 124:1250-1259
PACULit: Acetylcysteine for Prevention of Renal Outcomes Resources PubMed Full Text Contents Article Identification Quick Reference Summary Core Clinical Question Background Methods Summary Detailed Results…
-
Bandstein N, et al. “Undetectable high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T level in the emergency department and risk of myocardial infarction”. Journal of the American College of Cardiology. 2014. 63(23):2569-2578.
Clinical Literature Summary Resources PubMed Full Text Contents Article Identification Quick Reference Summary Core Clinical Question Background Methods Summary Detailed Results Authors’ Conclusions Critical Analysis…
-
Midazolam and propofol used alone or sequentially for long-term sedation in critically ill, mechanically ventilated patients: A prospective, randomized study.
PACULit Summary – Midazolam and Propofol for Long-Term Sedation Resources PubMed Full Text Contents Article Identification Quick Reference Summary Core Clinical Question Background Methods Summary…
-
Dankiewicz J, et al. “Hypothermia versus Normothermia after Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest”. The New England Journal of Medicine. 2021. 384(24):2283-2294.
PACULit Summary: Hypothermia versus Normothermia after Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest Resources PubMed Full Text Contents Article Identification Quick Reference Summary Core Clinical Question Background Methods Summary…
-
Rapid tranquillisation in psychiatric emergency settings in India: pragmatic randomised controlled trial of intramuscular olanzapine versus intramuscular haloperidol plus promethazine.
PACULit Summary: Rapid Tranquillisation in Psychiatric Emergency Settings in India Resources PubMed Full Text Contents Article Identification Quick Reference Summary Core Clinical Question Background Methods…
-
Yusuf S, et al. “Effects of Clopidogrel in Addition to Aspirin in Patients with Acute Coronary Syndromes without ST-Segment Elevation”. The New England Journal of Medicine. 2001. 345(7):494-502.
PACULit: Effects of Clopidogrel in Addition to Aspirin in ACS Patients Resources PubMed Full Text Contents Article Identification Quick Reference Summary Core Clinical Question Background…
-
Tardif J, et al. “Efficacy and safety of low-dose colchicine after myocardial infarction”. The New England Journal of Medicine. 2019. 381(26):2497-2505.
PACULit Summary: Efficacy and Safety of Low-Dose Colchicine after Myocardial Infarction Resources PubMed Full Text Contents Article Identification Quick Reference Summary Core Clinical Question Background…
-
NINDS: TISSUE PLASMINOGEN ACTIVATOR FOR ACUTE ISCHEMIC STROKE
PACULit: Tissue Plasminogen Activator for Acute Ischemic Stroke Resources PubMed Full Text Contents Article Identification Quick Reference Summary Core Clinical Question Background Methods Summary Detailed…
-
Efficacy of perioperative pregabalin in acute and chronic post-operative pain after off-pump coronary artery bypass surgery: A randomized, double-blind placebo controlled trial.
PACULit Summary: Efficacy of Perioperative Pregabalin in Acute and Chronic Post-operative Pain Resources PubMed Full Text Contents Article Identification Quick Reference Summary Core Clinical Question…
-
The use of midazolam versus propofol for short-term sedation following coronary artery bypass grafting.
PACULit Summary: Midazolam vs. Propofol for Sedation Post-CABG Resources PubMed Full Text Contents Article Identification Quick Reference Summary Core Clinical Question Background Methods Summary Detailed…
-
Midazolam versus propofol for long-term sedation in the ICU: A randomized prospective comparison.
PACULit Summary: Midazolam vs Propofol for Long-term ICU Sedation Resources PubMed Full Text Contents Article Identification Quick Reference Summary Core Clinical Question Background Methods Summary…
-
Yusuf S, et al. “Comparison of fondaparinux and enoxaparin in acute coronary syndromes”. The New England Journal of Medicine. 2006. 354(14):1464-1476.
PACULit Summary: Comparison of Fondaparinux and Enoxaparin in Acute Coronary Syndromes Resources PubMed Full Text Contents Article Identification Quick Reference Summary Core Clinical Question Background…
-
Dose comparisons of clopidogrel and aspirin in acute coronary syndromes
PACULit Summary: Dose Comparisons of Clopidogrel and Aspirin in Acute Coronary Syndromes ☰ Resources PubMed Full Text Contents Article Identification Quick Reference Summary Core Clinical…
-
Hoberman A, Paradise JL, Rockette HE, et al. Shortened Antimicrobial Treatment for Acute Otitis Media in Young Children. N Engl J Med. 2016
PACULit Summary: Shortened Antimicrobial Treatment for Acute Otitis Media in Young Children Resources PubMed Full Text Contents Article Identification Quick Reference Summary Core Clinical Question…
-
Annane D, et al. “Hydrocortisone plus Fludrocortisone for Adults with Septic Shock”. The New England Journal of Medicine. 2018. 378(9):809-818.
Clinical Literature Summary Resources PubMed Full Text Contents Article Identification Quick Reference Summary Core Clinical Question Background Methods Results Conclusions Discussion Application Practice Article Identification…
-
Comparison of patient-controlled epidural analgesia with patient-controlled intravenous analgesia using pethidine or fentanyl.
Here’s the cleaned HTML that starts with “ as requested: “`html Pharmacy & Acute Care University Contents Article Identification Quick Reference Summary Core Clinical Question…
-
Comparison of intramuscular and epidural morphine for postoperative analgesia in the grossly obese.
“`html Pharmacy & Acute Care University Contents Article Identification Quick Reference Summary Core Clinical Question Background Methods Summary Detailed Results Authors’ Conclusions Critical Analysis Clinical…
-
GUSTO Trial, 1993
“`       Pharmacy & Acute Care University           Contents           Article Identification       Quick Reference Summary       Core Clinical Question…
-
Undetectable high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T level in the emergency department and risk of myocardial infarction
Clinical Summary Clinical Summary Article Identification Article Title: [Not Provided] Authors: [Authors information not available in the provided text] Journal Name, Year, Volume, Issue: [Journal…
-
GISSI-3 Group. “Effects of lisinopril and transdermal glyceryl trinitrate singly and together on 6-week mortality and ventricular function after acute myocardial infarction”. The Lancet. 1994. 343(8906):1115-22.
“` Clinical Summary: GISSI-3 Trial Clinical Summary: GISSI-3 Trial Article Identification Article Title: GISSI-3: Effect of Lisinopril and Transdermal Glyceryl Trinitrate on Survival and Ventricular…
-
PEGASUS-TIMI 54. Long-Term Use of Ticagrelor in Patients with Prior Myocardial Infarction
Pharmacy & Acute Care University Contents Article Identification Quick Reference Summary Core Clinical Question Background Methods Summary Detailed Results Authors’ Conclusions Critical Analysis Clinical Application…
-
CAPRICORN Trial Dargie HJ, et al. “Effect of carvedilol on outcome after myocardial infarction in patients with left-ventricular dysfunction: the CAPRICORN randomised trial”. The Lancet. 2001. 357(9266):1385-1390.
“` CAPRICORN Randomised Trial Analysis Article Identification Article Title: Effect of carvedilol on outcome after myocardial infarction in patients with left-ventricular dysfunction: the CAPRICORN randomised…
-
Cumulative epinephrine dose during cardiac arrest and neurologic outcome after extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation
“` Cumulative Epinephrine Dose During Cardiac Arrest and Neurologic Outcome After Extracorporeal Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Cumulative Epinephrine Dose During Cardiac Arrest and Neurologic Outcome After Extracorporeal…
-
CAST Trial. Mortality and morbidity in patients receiving Encainide, Flecainide, or Placebo
Table of Contents Clinical Literature Summary Mortality and morbidity in patients receiving encainide, flecainide, or placebo. The Cardiac Arrhythmia Suppression Trial Authors (Top 5): D.…
-
BICAR-ICU
Table of Contents PubMed Link Full Text Link Sodium Bicarbonate Therapy in ICU – BICAR-ICU Trial Article Identification Article Title: Sodium bicarbonate therapy for patients…
-
Statins for STEMI in the Emergency Department
Introduction Pharmacology Atorvastatin Rosuvastatin Dose 80 mg orally once daily 40 mg orally once daily Administration Oral Oral PK/PD Onset: 3-5 days for LDL…
-
Tranexamic Acid in Trauma by Jordan Spurling
Introduction Pharmacology Tranexamic Acid Dose Loading dose: 1 g over 10 minutes started within 3 hours of injury2 gram via slow IV Push* …
-
How to Fail the BCEMP Exam
The Board Certified Emergency Medicine Pharmacotherapy (BCEMP) exam, offered by the Board of Pharmacy Specialties, represents a significant milestone for healthcare professionals specializing in emergency…
-
PROPHY-VAP Trial
The PROPHY-VAP trial showed that a single dose of ceftriaxone can significantly reduce early-onset VAP in mechanically ventilated brain-injured patients, offering a potential change in clinical practice for VAP prevention.
-
Piperacillin-tazobactam plus Vancomycin and Acute Kidney Injury by Caroline Rosario
Introduction Pharmacology Vancomycin Piperacillin-tazobactam4 Dose Depends on infection and PK/PD target General dosing for systemic infections: IV 15-20 mg/kg IV Q8-12H for systemic infections…
-
Seizure Prophylaxis in Traumatic Brain Injury by Jordan Spurling
Introduction Pharmacology Phenytoin Valproic Acid Levetiracetam Lacosamide Dose Loading dose: 17 to 20 mg/kg IV (max dose 2 g) Maintenance dose: 100 mg…
-
Penicillin Allergy Cross Reactivity
Introduction Pharmacology Group 1 Group 2 Group 3 Group 4 PenicillinCefoxitinCefuroxime AmoxicillinAmpicillinCefaclorCephalexinCefadroxil CeftriaxoneCefotaximeCefuroximeCefepimeCefpodoxime Ceftaroline AztreonamCeftolazane Ceftazidime Overview of Evidence Author Design Intervention & Comparison Outcome…
-
Corticosteroids in Sepsis by Marissa Marks, PharmD
Introduction Pharmacology Hydrocortisone Methylprednisolone Fludrocortisone Dose IV: 50 mg Q6H or 100 mg Q8H x 5-7 days IV (succinate): 40 to 125 mg/day (maximum…
-
Ketamine for Treatment of Acute Agitation
Introduction Ketamine is a sedative used for patients with extreme/refractory undifferentiated agitation Indications for utilizing ketamine for emergent sedation of agitated patients include Patient poses…
-
PPIs for the Management of Upper GI Bleed
Introduction Upper GI bleed (UGIB) is a common reason for ED visits with a major cause of morbidity, mortality and medical care costs. Peptic ulcer…
-
Single-Dose Aminoglycosides for UTIs
Ratione molestias magnam quisquam non non dolores omnis incidunt et accusamus eum rerum quam ipsum impedit a ea excepturi et ut reprehenderit tempore repudiandae et illum autem exercitationem eos similique ad quos deleniti quo exercitationem molestiae maxime occaecati culpa ducimus aut repudiandae accusamus aliquam qui praesentium qui deserunt fugiat corrupti voluptatem quia qui deserunt modi…
-
Hypertonic Saline Versus Mannitol for ICP Reduction Â
Introduction Elevated intracranial pressure (ICP) is caused by excess volume in the cerebral spaces, which causes a reduction in the cerebral perfusion pressure and…
-
10 Things You Can Do If You Don’t Match for a Pharmacy Residency Program
As pharmacy residency application season comes to a close, it’s time to take a deep breath and reflect on the experience. Regardless of the outcome,…
-
Beyond Residency Applications: How to Focus on Self-Improvement and Growth
As pharmacy residency application season comes to a close, it’s time to take a deep breath and reflect on the experience. Regardless of the outcome,…
-
Management of Hypertensive Emergency
Introduction Hypertensive emergency is characterized by systolic blood pressure (SBP) > 180 mmHg or diastolic blood pressure (DBP) > 120 mmHg with evidence of target…
-
Fibrinolytics for STEMI
Introduction Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is the preferred reperfusion strategy during a cardiac arrest; thrombolytic therapy is an option without PCI capability, followed by transfer…
-
Procainamide for Wide Complex Tachycardia
Introduction Ventricular tachycardia (VT) is an uncommon but dangerous medical condition, with an extremely variable clinical presentation. Intravenous procainamide is guideline recommended and is the…
-
Digoxin Poisoning Management
Download PDF
-
Push Dose Vasopressors
Patient Case The team gets a call that there is a 75 year old male that triggered a sepsis alert in route with EMS…
-
Sodium Bicarbonate in Cardiac Arrest
Introduction Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) remains a leading cause of mortality and a substantial issue of public health concern worldwide. Sodium bicarbonate (SB) administration has…
-
How Space Learning helps you pass board certification exams
Unleash the Power of Spaced Repetition for Pharmacist Board Certification Exams Outline Introduction A. What is Spaced Repetition? B. Benefits of Spaced Repetition for Pharmacist…
-
How the BCEMP Test is Administered and What Is On It?
Preparing for the BCEMP Exam: What You Need to Know about the Exam 1. Introduction 2. Overview of the BCEMP Exam 3. Over of Domains…
-
The Best Practices for Passing the Pharmacy Board Certification Exam
I. Introduction II. Review the Topics Covered by the Exam III. Decide Which Study Materials to Use IV. Create a Study Plan or Schedule V.…
-
What are the Pass rates for BPS Exams?
Uncovering the Success Rates of Board Certification Exams for Specialty Pharmacists Are you considering a career in specialty pharmacy? If so, it is important to…
- .
- .
- .
Diagnostics
Labs
- .
- .
- .
Imagining
- .
- .
- .
- .