Post-Quiz: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Exacerbation

A 46-year-old female with a history of COPD arrives at the Emergency Department after experiencing a severe exacerbation due to a viral infection. Exhibit symptoms include severe dyspnea that interrupts her speech and an increase in sputum production as reported by her husband. Due to the seriousness of her symptoms, the physicians initiate non-invasive mechanical ventilation. Laboratory results indicate an elevated white blood cell count and C-reactive protein. Among the following, which antibiotic would be appropriate for this patient?

What was the primary endpoint of the REDUCE trial?

A 65-year-old female known to have COPD reports worsened breathlessness and increased cough frequency. Which of the following pathophysiological mechanisms primarily contributes to COPD exacerbations?

A 46-year-old female with a known history of COPD presents to the Emergency Department in a severely dyspneic state following a viral infection. She struggles to complete her sentences due to shortness of breath and has noticeably increased sputum production. Emergency intervention with non-invasive mechanical ventilation has been initiated due to the severity of her symptoms. Recent lab results indicate elevated white blood cell counts and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels.

Considering the urgent circumstances, which of the following factors should be pivotal in deciding the initiation of antibiotic therapy?

What was the cumulative dose of prednisone in the short-term treatment group in the REDUCE trial?

A 68-year-old female with COPD presents with acute shortness of breath and an increased cough. Recognizing clinical manifestations is crucial for a timely diagnosis. Which of the following is NOT a typical clinical manifestation of a COPD exacerbation?

A 54-year-old male with a history of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) presents to the Emergency Department with exacerbated symptoms over the past week, following a flu infection. He has had increased episodes of coughing accompanied by sputum production and progressive shortness of breath on exertion. In the context of this patient’s presentation, which of the following scenarios would correctly be classified as a moderate exacerbation of COPD?

In the Dose Trial What was the hazard ratio for reexacerbation in the short-term vs conventional treatment group in the intention-to-treat analysis?

A 62-year-old male with a 40-pack-year smoking history presents to the emergency department with increased dyspnea, cough, and sputum production over the past three days. He has a known diagnosis of COPD and has been adherent to his maintenance inhalers. Which of the following statements regarding COPD exacerbations is most accurate?

A 72-year-old man with a history of COPD presents to the emergency department with increased dyspnea, increased sputum production, and increased sputum purulence. He has a 60 pack-year smoking history and his home medications include albuterol HFA 2 puffs four times daily as needed and tiotropium 1 puff once daily. His vital signs are BP 130/80, HR 88, RR 22, oxygen saturation 82% on room air, and temperature 99.2°F. What is the most appropriate next step in management?