A 26-week gestational age male neonate, born vaginally, is admitted to the NICU. He has a history of perinatal asphyxia and is currently receiving standard supportive care. The neonatology team is considering initiating prophylactic low-dose hydrocortisone to reduce the risk of bronchopulmonary dysplasia and mortality. The parents inquire about the risk of late-onset sepsis associated with this treatment.

Based on the latest evidence from the PREMILOC trial re-analysis, what should the pharmacist counsel the healthcare team regarding the risk of late-onset sepsis (LOS) when using prophylactic low-dose hydrocortisone in this extremely preterm neonate?

A 24-week gestational age female neonate is admitted to the NICU with respiratory distress syndrome. The neonatology team is evaluating interventions to improve survival and reduce bronchopulmonary dysplasia. The pharmacist is asked about the evidence supporting the use of prophylactic low-dose hydrocortisone in this patient.

What is the most evidence-based statement regarding the effect of prophylactic low-dose hydrocortisone on mortality in extremely preterm neonates?

A 25-week gestational age neonate born via cesarean section is receiving supportive care in the NICU. The clinical pharmacist is reviewing risk factors for late-onset sepsis to optimize preventive strategies and is asked about modifiable and non-modifiable factors influencing LOS risk in this population.

According to the re-analysis of the PREMILOC trial, which of the following factors is independently associated with a lower risk of late-onset sepsis in extremely preterm neonates?