John is a 62-year-old male with hypertension and a history of coronary artery disease but no diabetes or prior stroke. He is currently on lisinopril 20 mg daily and amlodipine 5 mg daily. His recent clinic blood pressure readings average 135/85 mm Hg. He is concerned about his cardiovascular risk and wants to know if lowering his blood pressure further would be beneficial.

Based on the 2025 AHA/ACC guideline and evidence from the SPRINT trial, what is the most appropriate blood pressure target for John to reduce his cardiovascular risk?

Mary is a 70-year-old female with hypertension and chronic kidney disease stage 3. She was recently started on intensive blood pressure lowering therapy targeting a systolic BP <120 mm Hg. She reports episodes of dizziness and fatigue since her medication adjustment. Her latest labs show a slight increase in serum creatinine compared to baseline.

What is the most appropriate pharmacist recommendation to manage Mary’s therapy based on the 2025 guideline and SPRINT trial findings?

Carlos is a 65-year-old male with type 2 diabetes and hypertension. He is currently on metformin and lisinopril. His blood pressure averages 138/82 mm Hg. He asks if he should aim for a systolic BP less than 120 mm Hg to reduce his cardiovascular risk.

According to the 2025 AHA/ACC guideline and evidence gaps identified in the SPRINT trial, what is the best pharmacist response regarding intensive BP targets for Carlos?