Rabbit Hole: Nausea and Vomiting: Pharmacotherapy

Guidelines

In Pregnancy

• ACOG Practice Bulletin No. 189: Nausea And Vomiting Of Pregnancy, Obstetrics & Gynecology: January 2018 – Volume 131 – Issue 1 – p e15-e30. doi: 10.1097/AOG.0000000000002456 

In Cancer Treatment

• JOUR. Antiemetics: American Society of Clinical Oncology Clinical Practice Guideline Update. Hesketh, Paul J.Kris, Mark G.Basch, Ethan.Bohlke, Kari. Barbour, Sally Y.. Clark-Snow, Rebecca Anne. Danso, Michael A. Dennis, Kristopher. Dupuis, L. Lee. Dusetzina, Stacie B.Eng, Cathy Feyer, Petra C. Jordan, Karin. Noonan, Kimberly. Sparacio, Dee. Somerfield, Mark R. Lyman, Gary H.2017/07/31. doi: 10.1200/JCO.2017.74.4789. Journal of Clinical Oncology. Wolters Kluwer. 0732-183X. Y2  – 2021/10/22

In General 

• Venkatesan T, Levinthal DJ, Tarbell SE, Jaradeh SS, Hasler WL, Issenman RM, Adams KA, Sarosiek I, Stave CD, Sharaf RN, Sultan S, Li BUK. Guidelines on management of cyclic vomiting syndrome in adults by the American Neurogastroenterology and Motility Society and the Cyclic Vomiting Syndrome Association. Neurogastroenterol Motil. 2019 Jun;31 Suppl 2(Suppl 2):e13604. doi: 10.1111/nmo.13604. PMID: 31241819; PMCID: PMC6899751.

In Post-Operative

• Gan, Tong J. MD, MBA, MHS, FRCA*; Belani, Kumar G. MBBS, MS†; Bergese, Sergio MD‡; Chung, Frances MBBS§; Diemunsch, Pierre MD, PhD‖,¶; Habib, Ashraf S. MBBCh, MSc, MHSc, FRCA#; Jin, Zhaosheng MBBS, BSc*; Kovac, Anthony L. MD**; Meyer, Tricia A. PharmD, MS, FASHP, FTSHP††,‡‡; Urman, Richard D. MD, MBA††††; Apfel, Christian C. MD, PhD§§; Ayad, Sabry MD, MBA, FASA‖‖,¶¶; Beagley, Linda MS, RN, CPAN, FASPAN##; Candiotti, Keith MD***; Englesakis, Marina BA (Hons), MLIS†††; Hedrick, Traci L. MD, MSc‡‡‡; Kranke, Peter MD, MBA§§§; Lee, Samuel CAA‖‖‖; Lipman, Daniel DNP, CRNA¶¶¶; Minkowitz, Harold S. MD###; Morton, John MD, MPH, MHA****; Philip, Beverly K. MD†††† Fourth Consensus Guidelines for the Management of Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting, Anesthesia & Analgesia: August 2020 – Volume 131 – Issue 2 – p 411-448. doi: 10.1213/ANE.0000000000004833

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Primary Literature

In General

• Braude D, Crandall C. Ondansetron versus promethazine to treat acute undifferentiated nausea in the emergency department: a randomized, double-blind, noninferiority trial. Acad Emerg Med. 2008 Mar;15(3):209-15. doi: 10.1111/j.1553-2712.2008.00060.x. PMID: 18304050.

• Beadle KL, Helbling AR, Love SL, April MD, Hunter CJ. Isopropyl Alcohol Nasal Inhalation for Nausea in the Emergency Department: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Ann Emerg Med. 2016 Jul;68(1):1-9.e1. doi: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2015.09.031. Epub 2015 Dec 8. PMID: 26679977.

• Egerton-Warburton D, Meek R, Mee MJ, Braitberg G. Antiemetic use for nausea and vomiting in adult emergency department patients: randomized controlled trial comparing ondansetron, metoclopramide, and placebo. Ann Emerg Med. 2014 Nov;64(5):526-532.e1. doi: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2014.03.017. Epub 2014 May 10. PMID: 24818542.

• Braude D, Soliz T, Crandall C, Hendey G, Andrews J, Weichenthal L. Antiemetics in the ED: a randomized controlled trial comparing 3 common agents. Am J Emerg Med. 2006 Mar;24(2):177-82. doi: 10.1016/j.ajem.2005.08.017. PMID: 16490647.
• Danewa AS, Shah D, Batra P, Bhattacharya SK, Gupta P. Oral Ondansetron in Management of Dehydrating Diarrhea with Vomiting in Children Aged 3 Months to 5 Years: A Randomized Controlled Trial. The Journal of pediatrics. 169:105-109.e3. 2016

• Valdovinos EM, Frazee BW, Hailozian C, Haro DA, Herring AA. A Nonopioid, Nonbenzodiazepine Treatment Approach for Intractable Nausea and Vomiting in the Emergency Department. J Clin Gastroenterol. 2020 Apr;54(4):327-332. doi: 10.1097/MCG.0000000000001258. PMID: 31567626.

• April MD, Oliver JJ, Davis WT, Ong D, Simon EM, Ng PC, Hunter CJ. Aromatherapy Versus Oral Ondansetron for Antiemetic Therapy Among Adult Emergency Department Patients: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Ann Emerg Med. 2018 Aug;72(2):184-193. doi: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2018.01.016. Epub 2018 Feb 17. Erratum in: Ann Emerg Med. 2019 May;73(5):552. PMID: 29463461.

• Hervás D, Armero C, Carrión T, Utrera JF, Hervás JA. Clinical and economic impact of oral ondansetron for vomiting in a pediatric emergency department. Pediatr Emerg Care. 2012 Nov;28(11):1166-8. doi: 10.1097/PEC.0b013e3182717358. PMID: 23114242.

• Leung JS, Perlman K, Rumantir M, Freedman SB. Emergency department ondansetron use in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus and vomiting. J Pediatr. 2015 Feb;166(2):432-8. doi: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2014.10.020. Epub 2014 Nov 18. PMID: 25454931.

• Epifanio M, Portela JL, Piva JP, Ferreira CHT, Sarria EE, Mattiello R. Bromopride, metoclopramide, or ondansetron for the treatment of vomiting in the pediatric emergency department: a randomized controlled trial. J Pediatr (Rio J). 2018 Jan-Feb;94(1):62-68. doi: 10.1016/j.jped.2017.06.004. Epub 2017 Aug 1. PMID: 28778685.

• Barrett TW, DiPersio DM, Jenkins CA, Jack M, McCoin NS, Storrow AB, Singleton LM, Lee P, Zhou C, Slovis CM. A randomized, placebo-controlled trial of ondansetron, metoclopramide, and promethazine in adults. Am J Emerg Med. 2011 Mar;29(3):247-55. doi: 10.1016/j.ajem.2009.09.028. Epub 2010 Mar 26. PMID: 20825792.

• Chae J, Taylor DM, Frauman AG. Tropisetron versus metoclopramide for the treatment of nausea and vomiting in the emergency department: A randomized, double-blinded, clinical trial. Emerg Med Australas. 2011 Oct;23(5):554-61. doi: 10.1111/j.1742-6723.2011.01444.x. Epub 2011 Jun 20. PMID: 21995469.

• Cham S, Basire M, Kelly AM. Intermediate dose metoclopramide is not more effective than standard dose metoclopramide for patients who present to the emergency/j.1742-6723.2004.00588.x. PMID: 15228463. department with nausea and vomiting: a pilot study. Emerg Med Australas. 2004 Jun;16(3):208-11. doi: 10.1111

• Agorastos I, Zissis NP, Kaprinis I, Goulis G. Double-blind evaluation of domperidone in acute vomiting and dyspeptic disorders. J Int Med Res. 1981;9(2):143-7. doi: 10.1177/030006058100900211. PMID: 7014284.

• Cohen N, Alon I, Almoznino-Sarfian D, Gorelik O, Chachasvili S, Litvinjuk V, Modai D, Weissgarten J. Sulpiride versus metoclopramide in nononcologic patients with vomiting or nausea. J Clin Gastroenterol. 1999 Jul;29(1):59-62. doi: 10.1097/00004836-199907000-00015. PMID: 10405234.

• Ordog GJ, Vann PW, Owashi ND, Wasserberger J, Herman LS, Balasubramaniam S. Intravenous prochlorperazine for the rapid control of vomiting in the emergency department. Ann Emerg Med. 1984 Apr;13(4):253-8. doi: 10.1016/s0196-0644(84)80473-4. PMID: 6703431.

• Roy P, Patel NH, Miller AJ. A comparison of controlled release metoclopramide and domperidone in the treatment of nausea and vomiting. Br J Clin Pract. 1991 Winter;45(4):247-51. PMID: 1810356.

• Sussman G, Shurman J, Creed MR, Larsen LS, Ferrer-Brechner T, Noll D, Allegra J, Montgomery R, Schreck D, Grafstein E, Ramalanjaona G, Patel V, Ducharme J, Ortenwall P, Foster E, Ames M. Intravenous ondansetron for the control of opioid-induced nausea and vomiting. International S3AA3013 Study Group. Clin Ther. 1999 Jul;21(7):1216-27. doi: 10.1016/s0149-2918(00)80024-7. PMID: 10463519.

• Patka J, Wu DT, Abraham P, Sobel RM. Randomized Controlled Trial of Ondansetron vs. Prochlorperazine in Adults in the Emergency Department. West J Emerg Med. 2011 Feb;12(1):1-5. PMID: 21691464; PMCID: PMC3088366.

• Ernst AA, Weiss SJ, Park S, Takakuwa KM, Diercks DB. Prochlorperazine versus promethazine for uncomplicated nausea and vomiting in the emergency department: a randomized, double-blind clinical trial. Ann Emerg Med. 2000 Aug;36(2):89-94. doi: 10.1067/mem.2000.108652. PMID: 10918098.
• DeCamp LR, Byerley JS, Doshi N, Steiner MJ. Use of antiemetic agents in acute gastroenteritis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Archives of pediatrics & adolescent medicine. 2008; 162(9):858-65.

• Meek R, Mee MJ, Egerton-Warburton D, Graudins A, Meyer A, Pouryahya P, Blecher G, Fahey J, Crow S. Randomized Placebo-controlled Trial of Droperidol and Ondansetron for Adult Emergency Department Patients With Nausea. Acad Emerg Med. 2019 Aug;26(8):867-877. doi: 10.1111/acem.13650. Epub 2018 Dec 4. PMID: 30368981.

• Freedman SB, Soofi SB, Willan AR, Williamson-Urquhart S, Ali N, Xie J, Dawoud F, Bhutta ZA. Oral Ondansetron Administration to Nondehydrated Children With Diarrhea and Associated Vomiting in Emergency Departments in Pakistan: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Ann Emerg Med. 2019 Mar;73(3):255-265. doi: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2018.09.011. Epub 2018 Nov 2. PMID: 30392735; PMCID: PMC6390170.

• Warden CR, Moreno R, Daya M. Prospective evaluation of ondansetron for undifferentiated nausea and vomiting in the prehospital setting. Prehosp Emerg Care. 2008 Jan-Mar;12(1):87-91. doi: 10.1080/10903120701707963. PMID: 18189184.

• Bond CM. Comparison of buccal and oral prochlorperazine in the treatment of dizziness associated with nausea and/or vomiting. Curr Med Res Opin. 1998;14(4):203-12. doi: 10.1185/03007999809113360. PMID: 9891192.

• Paech MJ, Rucklidge MW, Banks SL, Gurrin LC, Orlikowski CE, Pavy TJ. The efficacy and cost-effectiveness of prophylactic 5-hydroxytryptamine3 receptor antagonists: tropisetron, ondansetron and dolasetron. Anaesth Intensive Care. 2003 Feb;31(1):11-7. doi: 10.1177/0310057X0303100102. PMID: 12635388.

• Malone JM Jr, Christensen CW, Yashinsky D, Malviya VK, Deppe G. Prochlorperazine and transdermal scopolamine added to a metoclopramide antiemetic regimen. A controlled comparison. J Reprod Med. 1990 Oct;35(10):932-4. PMID: 2246759.

• Buzdar AU, Esparza L, Natale R, Cody R, Calzone K, Benson AB 3rd, Sheehan T, Berry W. Lorazepam-enhancement of the antiemetic efficacy of dexamethasone and promethazine. A placebo-controlled study. Am J Clin Oncol. 1994 Oct;17(5):417-21. doi: 10.1097/00000421-199410000-00012. PMID: 8092114.

In Cancer Treatment

• Navari RM, Pywell CM, Le-Rademacher JG, White P, Dodge AB, Albany C, Loprinzi CL. Olanzapine for the Treatment of Advanced Cancer-Related Chronic Nausea and/or Vomiting: A Randomized Pilot Trial. JAMA Oncol. 2020 Jun 1;6(6):895-899. doi: 10.1001/jamaoncol.2020.1052. PMID: 32379269; PMCID: PMC7206532.

• Navari RM, Qin R, Ruddy KJ, Liu H, Powell SF, Bajaj M, Dietrich L, Biggs D, Lafky JM, Loprinzi CL. Olanzapine for the Prevention of Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting. N Engl J Med. 2016 Jul 14;375(2):134-42. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1515725. PMID: 27410922; PMCID: PMC5344450.

• Zhang L, Lu S, Feng J, Dechaphunkul A, Chang J, Wang D, Chessari S, Lanzarotti C, Jordan K, Aapro M. A randomized phase III study evaluating the efficacy of single-dose NEPA, a fixed antiemetic combination of netupitant and palonosetron, versus an aprepitant regimen for prevention of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) in patients receiving highly emetogenic chemotherapy (HEC). Ann Oncol. 2018 Feb 1;29(2):452-458. doi: 10.1093/annonc/mdx698. PMID: 29092012; PMCID: PMC5834144.

• Kovács G, Wachtel AE, Basharova EV, Spinelli T, Nicolas P, Kabickova E. Palonosetron versus ondansetron for prevention of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting in paediatric patients with cancer receiving moderately or highly emetogenic chemotherapy: a randomised, phase 3, double-blind, double-dummy, non-inferiority study. Lancet Oncol. 2016 Mar;17(3):332-344. doi: 10.1016/S1470-2045(15)00520-3. Epub 2016 Jan 19. PMID: 26795844.

• Naik RD, V S, Singh V, Pillai AS, Dhawan D, Bakhshi S. Olanzapine for Prevention of Vomiting in Children and Adolescents Receiving Highly Emetogenic Chemotherapy: Investigator-Initiated, Randomized, Open-Label Trial. J Clin Oncol. 2020 Nov 10;38(32):3785-3793. doi: 10.1200/JCO.20.00871. Epub 2020 Sep 15. PMID: 32931400.

• van der Vorst MJDL, Toffoli EC, Beusink M, van Linde ME, van Voorthuizen T, Brouwer S, van Zweeden AA, Vrijaldenhoven S, Berends JC, Berkhof J, Verheul HMW. Metoclopramide, Dexamethasone, or Palonosetron for Prevention of Delayed Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting After Moderately Emetogenic Chemotherapy (MEDEA): A Randomized, Phase III, Noninferiority Trial. Oncologist. 2021 Jan;26(1):e173-e181. doi: 10.1634/theoncologist.2020-0305. Epub 2020 Aug 21. PMID: 32735029; PMCID: PMC7794169.

• Radhakrishnan V, Pai V, Rajaraman S, Mehra N, Ganesan T, Dhanushkodi M, Perumal Kalaiyarasi J, Rajan AK, Selvarajan G, Ranganathan R, Karunakaran P, Sagar TG. Olanzapine versus metoclopramide for the treatment of breakthrough chemotherapy-induced vomiting in children: An open-label, randomized phase 3 trial. Pediatr Blood Cancer. 2020 Sep;67(9):e28532. doi: 10.1002/pbc.28532. Epub 2020 Jun 22. PMID: 32568452.

• Chanthawong S, Subongkot S, Sookprasert A. Effectiveness of olanzapine for the treatment of breakthrough chemotherapy induced nausea and vomiting. J Med Assoc Thai. 2014 Mar;97(3):349-55. PMID: 25123016.

• Navari RM, Nagy CK, Gray SE. The use of olanzapine versus metoclopramide for the treatment of breakthrough chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting in patients receiving highly emetogenic chemotherapy. Support Care Cancer. 2013 Jun;21(6):1655-63. doi: 10.1007/s00520-012-1710-6. Epub 2013 Jan 12. PMID: 23314603.

• Clemmons AB, Orr J, Andrick B, Gandhi A, Sportes C, DeRemer D. Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Phase III Trial of Fosaprepitant, Ondansetron, Dexamethasone (FOND) Versus FOND Plus Olanzapine (FOND-O) for the Prevention of Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting in Patients with Hematologic Malignancies Receiving Highly Emetogenic Chemotherapy and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation Regimens: The FOND-O Trial. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant. 2018 Oct;24(10):2065-2071. doi: 10.1016/j.bbmt.2018.06.005. Epub 2018 Jun 13. PMID: 29906570.

• Kang JH, Kwon JH, Lee YG, Park KU, An HJ, Sohn J, Seol YM, Lee H, Yun HJ, Ahn JS, Yang JH, Song H, Koo DH, Kim JY, Kim GM, Kim HJ. Ramosetron versus Palonosetron in Combination with Aprepitant and Dexamethasone for the Control of Highly-Emetogenic Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting. Cancer Res Treat. 2020 Jul;52(3):907-916. doi: 10.4143/crt.2019.713. Epub 2020 Mar 18. PMID: 32192275; PMCID: PMC7373869.

• Dulal S, Paudel BD, Neupane P, Shah A, Acharya B, Poudyal BS, Shilpakar R, Wood LA. Randomized Phase II Trial to Compare the Efficacy of Haloperidol and Olanzapine in the Control of Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting in Nepal. J Glob Oncol. 2019 Apr;5:1-6. doi: 10.1200/JGO.18.00245. PMID: 31013182; PMCID: PMC6528728.

• Hardy JR, Skerman H, Philip J, Good P, Currow DC, Mitchell G, Yates P. Methotrimeprazine versus haloperidol in palliative care patients with cancer-related nausea: a randomised, double-blind controlled trial. BMJ Open. 2019 Sep 12;9(9):e029942. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2019-029942. PMID: 31515428; PMCID: PMC6747674.

In Post- Operative

• Hyman JB, Park C, Lin HM, Cole B, Rosen L, Fenske SS, Barr Grzesh RL, Blank SV, Polsky SB, Hartnett M, Taub PJ, Palvia V, DeMaria S Jr, Ascher-Walsh C. Olanzapine for the Prevention of Postdischarge Nausea and Vomiting after Ambulatory Surgery: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Anesthesiology. 2020 Jun;132(6):1419-1428. doi: 10.1097/ALN.0000000000003286. Erratum in: Anesthesiology. 2020 Jun 5;: PMID: 32229754.

• Kranke P, Bergese SD, Minkowitz HS, Melson TI, Leiman DG, Candiotti KA, Liu N, Eberhart L, Habib AS, Wallenborn J, Kovac AL, Diemunsch P, Fox G, Gan TJ. Amisulpride Prevents Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting in Patients at High Risk: A Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled Trial. Anesthesiology. 2018 Jun;128(6):1099-1106. doi: 10.1097/ALN.0000000000002133. PMID: 29543631.

• Lee SU, Lee HJ, Kim YS. The effectiveness of ramosetron and ondansetron for preventing postoperative nausea and vomiting after arthroscopic rotator cuff repair: a randomized controlled trial. J Orthop Surg Res. 2020 Nov 11;15(1):523. doi: 10.1186/s13018-020-02060-3. PMID: 33176845; PMCID: PMC7659046.

• Naemi AR, Kashanitabar V, Kamali A, Shiva A. Comparison of the Effects of Haloperidol, Metoclopramide, Dexmedetomidine and Ginger on Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting After Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy. J Med Life. 2020 Apr-Jun;13(2):206-210. doi: 10.25122/jml-2019-0070. PMID: 32742515; PMCID: PMC7378348.

• Isazadehfar K, Entezariasl M, Shahbazzadegan B, Nourani Z, Shafaee Y. The Comparative Study of Ondansetron and Metoclopramide Effects in Reducing Nausea and Vomiting After Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy. Acta Med Iran. 2017 Apr;55(4):254-258. PMID: 28532137.

• Olajumoke TO, Afolayan JM, Fashanu AO, Adekunle MA. Single dose of dexamethasone for prevention of nausea and vomiting after major gynaecological surgery. Niger J Med. 2013 Jul-Sep;22(3):207-11. PMID: 24180149.

• Wakasugi M, Tori M, Shimizu J, Kim YK, Noda T, Dono K, Takeda Y, Yamamoto T, Oshima S, Morimoto Y, Asaoka T, Eguchi H, Nagano H, Mori M, Doki Y; Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Group of the Clinical Study Group of Osaka University. Efficacy of preoperative dexamethasone for postoperative nausea and vomiting after laparoscopic cholecystectomy: a large-scale, multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial in Japan. J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Sci. 2015 Nov;22(11):802-9. doi: 10.1002/jhbp.285. Epub 2015 Oct 19. PMID: 26288165.

• Tobi KU, Imarengiaye CO, Amadasun FE. The effects of dexamethasone and metoclopramide on early and late postoperative nausea and vomiting in women undergoing myomectomy under spinal anaesthesia. Niger J Clin Pract. 2014 Jul-Aug;17(4):449-55. doi: 10.4103/1119-3077.134036. PMID: 24909468.

• Ko-Iam W, Sandhu T, Paiboonworachat S, Pongchairerks P, Junrungsee S, Chotirosniramit A, Chotirosniramit N, Chandacham K, Jirapongcharoenlap T. Metoclopramide, versus its combination with dexamethasone in the prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting after laparoscopic cholecystectomy: a double-blind randomized controlled trial. J Med Assoc Thai. 2015 Mar;98(3):265-72. PMID: 25920297.

• Selzer A, Pryor KO, Tangel V, O’Connell K, Kjaer K. The effect of intravenous dexamethasone on postoperative nausea and vomiting after Cesarean delivery with intrathecal morphine: a randomized-controlled trial. Can J Anaesth. 2020 Jul;67(7):817-826. English. doi: 10.1007/s12630-020-01582-y. Epub 2020 Jan 27. PMID: 31989472.

• Shin DW, Kim Y, Hong B, Yoon SH, Lim CS, Youn S. Effect of fentanyl on nausea and vomiting in cesarean section under spinal anesthesia: a randomized controlled study. J Int Med Res. 2019 Oct;47(10):4798-4807. doi: 10.1177/0300060519869515. Epub 2019 Aug 27. PMID: 31452417; PMCID: PMC6833428.

• DREAMS Trial Collaborators and West Midlands Research Collaborative. Dexamethasone versus standard treatment for postoperative nausea and vomiting in gastrointestinal surgery: randomised controlled trial (DREAMS Trial). BMJ. 2017 Apr 18;357:j1455. doi: 10.1136/bmj.j1455. PMID: 28420629; PMCID: PMC5482348.

• Ienca R, Giardiello C, Scozzarro A, di Cola RS, Di Lorenzo N, Juneja G, Lopez G, Badiuddin F. Improving Nausea and Vomiting Post-Elipse Balloon: a Novel Single-Dose Regimen of 300 mg Netupitant/0.5 mg Palonosetron Hydrochloride. Obes Surg. 2019 Sep;29(9):2952-2956. doi: 10.1007/s11695-019-03937-x. PMID: 31104280.

• Joo J, Park S, Park HJ, Shin SY. Ramosetron versus ondansetron for postoperative nausea and vomiting in strabismus surgery patients. BMC Anesthesiol. 2016 Jul 22;16(1):41. doi: 10.1186/s12871-016-0210-5. PMID: 27449404; PMCID: PMC4957928.

• Song JW, Shim JK, Choi SH, Soh S, Jang J, Kwak YL. Comparison of Ramosetron and Palonosetron for Preventing Nausea and Vomiting after Spinal Surgery: Association With ABCB1 Polymorphisms. J Neurosurg Anesthesiol. 2017 Oct;29(4):406-414. doi: 10.1097/ANA.0000000000000361. PMID: 27564555.

• Deitrick CL, Mick DJ, Lauffer V, Prostka E, Nowak D, Ingersoll G. A comparison of two differing doses of promethazine for the treatment of postoperative nausea and vomiting. J Perianesth Nurs. 2015 Feb;30(1):5-13. doi: 10.1016/j.jopan.2014.01.009. Epub 2014 Nov 5. PMID: 25616881.

• Bergese S, Viloria A, Uribe A, Antor A, Fernandez S. Aprepitant versus ondansetron in preoperative triple-therapy treatment of nausea and vomiting in neurosurgery patients: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. Trials. 2012 Aug 3;13:130. doi: 10.1186/1745-6215-13-130. PMID: 22862827; PMCID: PMC3475143.

• Yazbeck-Karam VG, Siddik-Sayyid SM, Barakat HB, Korjian S, Aouad MT. Haloperidol Versus Ondansetron for Treatment of Established Nausea and Vomiting Following General Anesthesia: A Randomized Clinical Trial. Anesth Analg. 2017 Feb;124(2):438-444. doi: 10.1213/ANE.0000000000001723. PMID: 28002167.

• Benevides ML, Oliveira SS, de Aguilar-Nascimento JE. The combination of haloperidol, dexamethasone, and ondansetron for prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting in laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy: a randomized double-blind trial. Obes Surg. 2013 Sep;23(9):1389-96. doi: 10.1007/s11695-013-0923-1. PMID: 23529851.

• Joo J, Park YG, Baek J, Moon YE. Haloperidol dose combined with dexamethasone for PONV prophylaxis in high-risk patients undergoing gynecological laparoscopic surgery: a prospective, randomized, double-blind, dose-response and placebo-controlled study. BMC Anesthesiol. 2015 Jul 8;15:99. doi: 10.1186/s12871-015-0081-1. PMID: 26152218; PMCID: PMC4493951.

• Toyonaga S, Shinozuka N, Dobashi T, Iiyori N, Sudo T. [The Effectiveness of Epidural Droperidol for Prophylaxis of Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting: A Comparative Study of Droperidol and Adrenaline]. Masui. 2016 May;65(5):516-21. Japanese. PMID: 27319097.

• Bourdaud N, François C, Jacqmarcq O, Guye ML, Jean J, Studer C, Engrand-Donal C, Devys JM, Boutin F, Guyot E, Bouazza N, Treluyer JM, Orliaguet GA; VPOP2 group. Addition of droperidol to prophylactic ondansetron and dexamethasone in children at high risk for postoperative vomiting. A randomized, controlled, double-blind study. Br J Anaesth. 2017 Jun 1;118(6):918-923. doi: 10.1093/bja/aex099. PMID: 28505233.

• Ormel G, Romundstad L, Lambert-Jensen P, Stubhaug A. Dexamethasone has additive effect when combined with ondansetron and droperidol for treatment of established PONV. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand. 2011 Nov;55(10):1196-205. doi: 10.1111/j.1399-6576.2011.02536.x. Erratum in: Acta Anaesthesiol Scand. 2012 Feb;56(2):265. PMID: 22092124.

• Flubacher P, Fournier N, Cherpillod J, Waridel F, Nydegger M, Albrecht E. A randomised controlled trial of placebo, droperidol or ondansetron to prevent nausea and vomiting after tonsillectomy in children receiving dexamethasone. Anaesthesia. 2017 Jul;72(7):859-863. doi: 10.1111/anae.13907. Epub 2017 Apr 27. PMID: 28449280.

• Hu X, Tan F, Gong L. Higher dose of palonosetron versus lower dose of palonosetron plus droperidol to prevent postoperative nausea and vomiting after eye enucleation and orbital hydroxyapatite implant surgery: a randomized, double-blind trial. Drug Des Devel Ther. 2017 May 15;11:1465-1472. doi: 10.2147/DDDT.S129022. PMID: 28553076; PMCID: PMC5440036.

• Kranke P, Eberhart L, Motsch J, Chassard D, Wallenborn J, Diemunsch P, Liu N, Keh D, Bouaziz H, Bergis M, Fox G, Gan TJ. I.V. APD421 (amisulpride) prevents postoperative nausea and vomiting: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicentre trial. Br J Anaesth. 2013 Dec;111(6):938-45. doi: 10.1093/bja/aet251. Epub 2013 Jul 19. PMID: 23872464.

In Pregnancy

• Sharifzadeh F, Kashanian M, Koohpayehzadeh J, Rezaian F, Sheikhansari N, Eshraghi N. A comparison between the effects of ginger, pyridoxine (vitamin B6) and placebo for the treatment of the first trimester nausea and vomiting of pregnancy (NVP). J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med. 2018 Oct;31(19):2509-2514. doi: 10.1080/14767058.2017.1344965. Epub 2017 Jul 7. PMID: 28629250.

• Persaud N, Meaney C, El-Emam K, Moineddin R, Thorpe K. Doxylamine-pyridoxine for nausea and vomiting of pregnancy randomized placebo controlled trial: Prespecified analyses and reanalysis. PLoS One. 2018 Jan 17;13(1):e0189978. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0189978. PMID: 29342163; PMCID: PMC5771578.

• Oliveira LG, Capp SM, You WB, Riffenburgh RH, Carstairs SD. Ondansetron compared with doxylamine and pyridoxine for treatment of nausea in pregnancy: a randomized controlled trial. Obstet Gynecol. 2014 Oct;124(4):735-742. doi: 10.1097/AOG.0000000000000479. PMID: 25198265.

• Jafari-Dehkordi E, Hashem-Dabaghian F, Aliasl F, Aliasl J, Taghavi-Shirazi M, Sadeghpour O, Sohrabvand F, Minaei B, Ghods R. Comparison of quince with vitamin B6 for treatment of nausea and vomiting in pregnancy: a randomised clinical trial. J Obstet Gynaecol. 2017 Nov;37(8):1048-1052. doi: 10.1080/01443615.2017.1322046. Epub 2017 Jun 20. PMID: 28631509.

• Koren G, Clark S, Hankins GD, Caritis SN, Umans JG, Miodovnik M, Mattison DR, Matok I. Demonstration of early efficacy results of the delayed-release combination of doxylamine-pyridoxine for the treatment of nausea and vomiting of pregnancy. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2016 Nov 24;16(1):371. doi: 10.1186/s12884-016-1172-9. PMID: 27881103; PMCID: PMC5122025.

• Costantine MM, Matok I, Chiossi G, Clark S, Miodovnik M, Umans JG, Caritis S, Hankins GD, Koren G. Determinants of adherence to delayed-release doxylamine and pyridoxine in patients with nausea and vomiting of pregnancy. Ther Drug Monit. 2012 Oct;34(5):569-73. doi: 10.1097/FTD.0b013e31826e7997. PMID: 22972538; PMCID: PMC3477618.

In Opioid-Induced

• Zuniga JR, Papas AS, Daniels SE, Patrick K, Muse DD, Oreadi D, Giannakopoulos HE, Granquist EJ, Levin LM, Chou JC, Maibach H, Schachtel BP. Prevention of Opioid-Induced Nausea and Vomiting During Treatment of Moderate to Severe Acute Pain: A Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trial Comparing CL-108 (Hydrocodone 7.5 mg/Acetaminophen 325 mg/Rapid-Release, Low-Dose Promethazine 12.5 mg) with Conventional Hydrocodone 7.5 mg/Acetaminophen 325 mg. Pain Med. 2019 Dec 1;20(12):2528-2538. doi: 10.1093/pm/pny294. PMID: 30657996.

• Pinsornsak P, Teeyaphudit M, Ruetiwarangkoon C, Chaiwuttisak A. Comparison of Ramosetron With Ondansetron for Prevention of Intrathecal Morphine-Induced Nausea and Vomiting After Primary Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Randomized Control Trial. J Arthroplasty. 2017 Mar;32(3):1040-1043. doi: 10.1016/j.arth.2016.09.013. Epub 2016 Oct 8. PMID: 27816366.

In HaVOC

• Ruberto AJ, Sivilotti MLA, Forrester S, Hall AK, Crawford FM, Day AG. Intravenous Haloperidol Versus Ondansetron for Cannabis Hyperemesis Syndrome (HaVOC): A Randomized, Controlled Trial. Ann Emerg Med. 2021 Jun;77(6):613-619. doi: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2020.08.021. Epub 2020 Nov 5. PMID: 33160719.

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Review Articles

• Patanwala AE, Amini R, Hays DP, Rosen P. Antiemetic therapy for nausea and vomiting in the emergency department. J Emerg Med. 2010 Sep;39(3):330-6. doi: 10.1016/j.jemermed.2009.08.060. Epub 2009 Dec 21. PMID: 20022195.

• Furyk JS, Meek RA, Egerton-Warburton D. Drugs for the treatment of nausea and vomiting in adults in the emergency department setting. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2015 Sep 28;2015(9):CD010106. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD010106.pub2. PMID: 26411330; PMCID: PMC6517141.

• Phillips RS, Friend AJ, Gibson F, Houghton E, Gopaul S, Craig JV, Pizer B. Antiemetic medication for prevention and treatment of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting in childhood. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2016 Feb 2;2(2):CD007786. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD007786.pub3. PMID: 26836199; PMCID: PMC7073407.

• Singh PM, Borle A, Rewari V, Makkar JK, Trikha A, Sinha AC, Goudra B. Aprepitant for postoperative nausea and vomiting: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Postgrad Med J. 2016 Feb;92(1084):87-98. doi: 10.1136/postgradmedj-2015-133515. Epub 2015 Dec 1. PMID: 26627976.

• De Oliveira GS Jr, Castro-Alves LJ, Ahmad S, Kendall MC, McCarthy RJ. Dexamethasone to prevent postoperative nausea and vomiting: an updated meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Anesth Analg. 2013 Jan;116(1):58-74. doi: 10.1213/ANE.0b013e31826f0a0a. Epub 2012 Dec 7. PMID: 23223115.

• Okada Y, Oba K, Furukawa N, Kosaka Y, Okita K, Yuki S, Komatsu Y, Celio L, Aapro M. One-Day Versus Three-Day Dexamethasone in Combination with Palonosetron for the Prevention of Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting: A Systematic Review and Individual Patient Data-Based Meta-Analysis. Oncologist. 2019 Dec;24(12):1593-1600. doi: 10.1634/theoncologist.2019-0133. Epub 2019 Jun 19. PMID: 31217343; PMCID: PMC6975929.

• Chen MH, May BH, Zhou IW, Zhang AL, Xue CC. Integrative Medicine for Relief of Nausea and Vomiting in the Treatment of Colorectal Cancer Using Oxaliplatin-Based Chemotherapy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Phytother Res. 2016 May;30(5):741-53. doi: 10.1002/ptr.5586. Epub 2016 Feb 23. PMID: 26912094.

• Mee MJ, Egerton-Warburton D, Meek R. Treatment and assessment of emergency department nausea and vomiting in Australasia: a survey of anti-emetic management. Emerg Med Australas. 2011 Apr;23(2):162-8. doi: 10.1111/j.1742-6723.2011.01386.x. Epub 2011 Feb 16. PMID: 21489163.

• Carlisle J, Stevenson CA. WITHDRAWN: Drugs for preventing postoperative nausea and vomiting. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2017 Jul 17;7(7):CD004125. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD004125.pub3. PMID: 28715610; PMCID: PMC6483292.

• Sridharan K, Sivaramakrishnan G. Interventions for treating nausea and vomiting in pregnancy: a network meta-analysis and trial sequential analysis of randomized clinical trials. Expert Rev Clin Pharmacol. 2018 Nov;11(11):1143-1150. doi: 10.1080/17512433.2018.1530108. Epub 2018 Oct 5. PMID: 30261764.

• Mishriky BM, Habib AS. Metoclopramide for nausea and vomiting prophylaxis during and after Caesarean delivery: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Br J Anaesth. 2012 Mar;108(3):374-83. doi: 10.1093/bja/aer509. Epub 2012 Feb 3. PMID: 22307240.

• Dror DK, Allen LH. Interventions with vitamins B6, B12 and C in pregnancy. Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol. 2012 Jul;26 Suppl 1:55-74. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-3016.2012.01277.x. PMID: 22742602.

• Boelig RC, Barton SJ, Saccone G, Kelly AJ, Edwards SJ, Berghella V. Interventions for treating hyperemesis gravidarum: a Cochrane systematic review and meta-analysis. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med. 2018 Sep;31(18):2492-2505. doi: 10.1080/14767058.2017.1342805. Epub 2017 Jul 11. PMID: 28614956.

• Tomasik E, Ziółkowska E, Kołodziej M, Szajewska H. Systematic review with meta-analysis: ondansetron for vomiting in children with acute gastroenteritis. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2016 Sep;44(5):438-46. doi: 10.1111/apt.13728. Epub 2016 Jul 11. PMID: 27401959.

• Fugetto F, Filice E, Biagi C, Pierantoni L, Gori D, Lanari M. Single-dose of ondansetron for vomiting in children and adolescents with acute gastroenteritis-an updated systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur J Pediatr. 2020 Jul;179(7):1007-1016. doi: 10.1007/s00431-020-03653-0. Epub 2020 May 7. PMID: 32382791.

• Song HJ, Seo HJ, Son H. Comparative effectiveness of ramosetron for preventing chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 2016 Nov;72(11):1289-1301. doi: 10.1007/s00228-016-2100-7. Epub 2016 Aug 15. PMID: 27526189.

• Ahn E, Choi G, Kang H, Baek C, Jung Y, Woo Y, Lee S, Chang Y. Palonosetron and Ramosetron Compared for Effectiveness in Preventing Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. PLoS One. 2016 Dec 19;11(12):e0168509. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0168509. PMID: 27992509; PMCID: PMC5167547.

• Gao C, Li B, Xu L, Lv F, Cao G, Wang H, Wang F, Wu G. Efficacy and safety of ramosetron versus ondansetron for postoperative nausea and vomiting after general anesthesia: a meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials. Drug Des Devel Ther. 2015 Apr 23;9:2343-50. doi: 10.2147/DDDT.S80407. PMID: 25960637; PMCID: PMC4410833.

• Lau Moon Lin M, Robinson PD, Flank J, Sung L, Dupuis LL. The Safety of Prochlorperazine in Children: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Drug Saf. 2016 Jun;39(6):509-16. doi: 10.1007/s40264-016-0398-9. PMID: 26884326.

• Singh PM, Borle A, Makkar JK, Trikha A, Fish D, Sinha A. Haloperidol Versus 5-HT3 Receptor Antagonists for Postoperative Vomiting and QTc Prolongation: A Noninferiority Meta-Analysis and Trial Sequential Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. J Clin Pharmacol. 2018 Feb;58(2):131-143. doi: 10.1002/jcph.999. Epub 2017 Sep 15. PMID: 28914976.

• Schaub I, Lysakowski C, Elia N, Tramèr MR. Low-dose droperidol (≤1 mg or ≤15 μg kg-1) for the prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting in adults: quantitative systematic review of randomised controlled trials. Eur J Anaesthesiol. 2012 Jun;29(6):286-94. doi: 10.1097/EJA.0b013e328352813f. PMID: 22488335.

• Schaefer MS, Kranke P, Weibel S, Kreysing R, Ochel J, Kienbaum P. Total intravenous anesthesia vs single pharmacological prophylaxis to prevent postoperative vomiting in children: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Paediatr Anaesth. 2017 Dec;27(12):1202-1209. doi: 10.1111/pan.13268. Epub 2017 Nov 2. PMID: 29094418.

• Cooke CE, Mehra IV. Oral ondansetron for preventing nausea and vomiting. Am J Hosp Pharm. 1994 Mar 15;51(6):762-71. PMID: 8010314.

• Furyk JS, Meek RA, Egerton‐Warburton D. Drugs for the treatment of nausea and vomiting in adults in the emergency department setting. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2015, Issue 9. Art. No.: CD010106. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD010106.pub2. Accessed 24 October 2021.

• Murray-Brown F, Dorman S. Haloperidol for the treatment of nausea and vomiting in palliative care patients. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2015 Nov 2;2015(11):CD006271. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD006271.pub3. PMID: 26524474; PMCID: PMC6481565.
• Ernst E, Pittler MH. Efficacy of ginger for nausea and vomiting: a systematic review of randomized clinical trials. Br J Anaesth. 2000 Mar;84(3):367-71. doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.bja.a013442. PMID: 10793599.

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Podcasts & Medical Blogs

• Nausea, emesis, and antiemetics- https://emcrit.org/ibcc/antiemetic/
• Aromatherapy vs Oral Ondansetron for Antiemetic Therapy Among Adult Emergency Department Patients- https://rebelem.com/aromatherapy-vs-oral-ondansetron-for-antiemetic-therapy-among-adult-emergency-department-patients/
• The HaVOC Trial: IV Haloperidol vs Ondansetron for Cannabis Hyperemesis Syndrome- https://rebelem.com/the-havoc-trial-iv-haloperidol-vs-ondansetron-for-cannabis-hyperemesis-syndrome/
• Do Ondansetron Prescriptions Reduce Pediatric Return Visits for Nausea and Vomiting?- https://rebelem.com/do-ondansetron-prescriptions-reduce-pediatric-return-visits-for-nausea-and-vomiting/

• Pediatric Vomiting and Diarrhea- https://www.emrap.org/episode/pediatric1/pediatric
• Nausea And Vomiting Of Pregnancy- https://www.emrap.org/episode/pcma-2003-12/abstract26
• Nausea & Vomiting- https://www.emrap.org/episode/palliativecare/nauseavomiting
• Comparing Pyridoxine And Doxylamine Succinate-pyridoxine Hcl For Nausea And Vomiting Of Pregnancy: A Matched, Controlled Cohort Study- https://www.emrap.org/episode/pcma-2015-11/abstract21
• Metoclopramide For Nausea And Vomiting Of Pregnancy: A Prospective Multicenter International Study- https://www.emrap.org/episode/ema-2003-4/abstract26
• Pharm-So-Hard – Episode 49. Stay off the Weed! The Pharmacologic Management of Cannabinoid Hyperemesis Syndrome- https://pharm-so-hard.com/2021/08/20/stay-off-the-weed-the-pharmacologic-management-of-cannabinoid-hyperemesis-syndrome/